李宏晨与北京北极冰科技发展有限公司娱乐服务合同纠纷上诉案
李宏晨与北京北极冰科技发展有限公司娱乐服务合同纠纷上诉案
李宏晨与北京北极冰科技发展有限公司娱乐服务合同纠纷上诉案
商务部办公厅关于做好网络购物领域打击侵权假冒专项行动总结工作的通知
各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市及新疆生产建设兵团商务主管部门:
网络购物领域打击侵犯知识产权和制售假冒伪劣商品行动开展以来,各地区有关部门周密部署、精心组织、上下联动、团结协作,破获了一批网络购物领域侵权大 案要案,依法严惩了一批犯罪分子,取得了一系列成果。为全面、客观地总结网络购物领域打击侵权假冒专项行动,现将有关要求通知如下:
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国家工商行政管理总局文件
工商市字〔2011〕111号
关于加强跨省网络商品交易及有关服务
违法行为查处工作的意见
各省、自治区、直辖市工商行政管理局:
为规范跨省网络商品交易及有关服务违法行为的查处工作,针对跨省网络商品交易及有关服务行为的实际情况和表现形式,根据《工商行政管理机关行政处罚程序规定》、《网络商品交易及有关服务行为管理暂行办法》,提出如下意见:
一、各级工商行政管理机关应当加强跨省网络商品交易及有关服务违法行为(以下简称网络商品交易违法行为)查处工作,加强查处跨省网络商品交易违法行为的协调配合工作。
跨省网络商品交易违法行为,是指通过网络交易平台提供商品或者服务的经营者(以下简称网店经营者)与提供网络交易平台服务的经营者(以下简称网络交易平台经营者)住所所在地分别属于不同省份(自治区、直辖市)时发生的网络商品交易违法行为。
二、查处跨省网络商品交易违法行为,需要异地工商行政管理机关协查的,以下情形,由立案地省级工商行政管理机关转请异地省级工商行政管理机关协查,并抄报国家工商行政管理总局备案:
1、中央、国务院、省级领导批办的案件;
2、国家工商行政管理总局交办的案件;
3、省级以上新闻媒体、国内知名门户网站披露引发社会关注的违法行为;
4、违法性质恶劣,引发群体投诉的;
5、涉案金额100万元以上的;
6、立案地省级工商行政管理机关认为需要转请异地省级工商行政管理机关协查的其他案件。
上述情形以外的,由立案地地地(市)级工商行政管理机关转请异地地(市)级工商行政管理机关协查,同时抄报省级工商行政管理机关备案。
网络交易平台经营者住所所在地工商行政管理机关查处网店经营者违法行为不便,需要移交异地工商行政管理机关处理的,按照上述原则移交。
三、网店经营者住所所在地工商行政管理机关查处网店违法经营行为,发现其涉及网络商品交易违法行为,需要搜集违法行为证据的,可以提请网络交易平台经营者住所所在地工商行政管理机关协查;对违法性质严重的网店经营者,可以依法要求网络交易平台经营者停止对其提供网络交易平台服务。
四、查处跨省网络商品交易违法行为,立案地工商行政管理机关需要异地工商行政管理机关协查的,应当说明违法经营者主体情况、网络载体情况、主要违法问题及需要协查事项等,同时附上案件相关材料。
负责案件协查的工商行政管理机关,应当在收到协查通知30日内完成协查工作,并向立案地工商行政管理机关通报协查情况;立案地工商行政管理机关应当在结案后15日内向协查地工商行政管理机关通报案件查处情况。
五、网络交易平台经营者住所所在地工商行政管理机关向网店经营者住所所在地工商行政管理机关移交网店经营者违法情况时,应报上级工商行政管理机关备案;网店经营者住所所在地工商行政管理机关应当在收到移交材料30日内或案件结案后15日内,向移交材料的工商行政管理机关通报查处情况。
六、国家工商行政管理总局对省级工商行政管理机关报请备案的网络商品交易协查案件和其他重大案件进行督办,对其他网络商品交易协查案件及违法情况移交查处工作进行检查。
七、对其他具有跨省网络商品交易违法行为特征的违法网络商品交易行为,参照本意见规定执行。
国家工商行政管理总局
二〇一一年五月二十七日
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上海市高级人民法院关于知识产权侵权纠纷中适用法定赔偿方法确定赔偿数额的若干问题的意见(试行)
《业务文件》
为在知识产权侵权案件中依法公平、合理地确定法定赔偿数额,统一执法标准,加强对知识产权的司法保护,根据《中华人民共和国著作权法》、《中华人民共和国商标法》、《中华人民共和国专利法》及最高人民法院有关司法解释的规定,结合我市审判工作实际,现对确定知识产权侵权损害法定赔偿数额的若干问题提出如下意见,请参照执行。
一、适用法定赔偿的范围、原则与基本要求
1、知识产权侵权诉讼中,确定侵权损害赔偿数额,有下列情形之一的,方可适用法定赔偿方法:
(1)根据案件现有证据,难以确定权利人损失数额、侵权人非法获利;
(2)经法院释明,权利人明确请求法院适用法定赔偿方法确定侵权损害赔偿数额,亦未提供相应证据证明权利人损失、侵权人非法获利。
对于难以证明权利人受损或者侵权人非法获利的具体数额,但有证据证明前述数额确已超过法定赔偿最高限额的,不应适用法定赔偿方法,而应综合全案的证据情况,在法定赔偿最高限额以上合理确定赔偿数额。
2、适用法定赔偿方法确定的赔偿数额应公平合理,确保权利人损失获得充分赔偿。
3、适用法定赔偿方法确定赔偿数额时,应根据案件具体情况在判决中分析和阐明权利价值、侵权情节、侵权恶意、侵权损害后果等方面具体情形与确定赔偿数额之间的联系。
4、适用法定赔偿方法确定赔偿数额时,判决赔偿数额既应当保持同类案件之间的赔偿尺度协调,又应考虑不同案件之间的案情差异。
二、适用法定赔偿方法确定赔偿数额的酌定因素
5、适用法定赔偿方法确定赔偿数额时,一般综合以下因素酌定赔偿数额:
(1)被侵犯知识产权的权利价值;
(2)侵权情节;
(3)侵权损害后果;
(4)侵权人过错程度;
(5)其他应予考虑的因素。
6、著作权侵权诉讼中,可根据以下因素衡量著作权权利价值:
(1)作品的类型、独创性程度、创作投入、创作难度、创作周期、知名度、市场价值、获奖情况;
(2)侵权行为发生时的合理转让价格、合理许可费用、行业内的通常许可使用费或者国家规定的有关使用费标准;
(3)行业稿酬标准;
(4)著作权集体管理组织的许可使用费;
(5)其他可以衡量著作权权利价值的因素。
7、商标侵权诉讼中,可根据以下因素衡量商标权权利价值:
(1)商标知名度、商标显著性;
(2)商标的商业声誉;
(3)商标估值、设计成本、广告投入、价值培育投入、市场开拓成本;
(4)商标实际使用状况与收益;
(5)侵权行为发生时的合理转让价格、合理许可费用;
(6)商标使用许可的种类、时间、范围;
(7)其他可以衡量商标权权利价值的因素。
8、专利侵权诉讼中,可根据以下因素衡量专利权权利价值:
(1)专利技术创造性、专利设计显著性;
(2)专利技术研发成本、实施情况;
(3)侵权行为发生时的合理转让价格、合理许可费用;
(4)专利使用许可的种类、时间、范围;
(5)市场上同类产品的平均利润;
(6)其他可以衡量专利权权利价值的因素。
9、知识产权侵权诉讼中,可根据以下因素衡量侵权情节:
(1)侵权行为方式,可区别直接侵权与间接侵权,生产过程中的侵权与销售过程中的侵权;
(2)侵权产品生产与销售规模、侵权作品传播范围;
(3)侵权行为持续时间;
(4)侵权次数,初次侵权或重复侵权;
(5)侵权行为的组织化程度;
(6)权利人发出侵权警告后侵权人的行为表现;
(7)其他可以衡量侵权情节的因素。
10、知识产权侵权诉讼中,可根据侵权行为对权利人商业利润、商业声誉、社会评价的影响等衡量侵权损害后果。
11、知识产权侵权诉讼中,因判决停止侵权可能损害社会公共利益或者严重损害第三人利益而不判决停止侵权的,赔偿数额应当高于判决停止侵权的同类案件。
三、合理开支的确定
12、适用法定赔偿,应分别计算损失赔偿数额与权利人为维权而支付的合理开支数额,法院应当审查维权开支的真实性、关联性、必要性和合理性。
13、合理开支包括:
(1)公证费、认证费;
(2)符合司法行政部门规定的律师费;
(3)调查、取证费;
(4)翻译费;
(5)其他为制止侵权、消除影响而支付的合理费用。
14、权利人主张为制止侵权行为、消除影响而支付的合理费用,应当提交相关的合同和已经实际支付的凭证。该合理费用在其他相关联的案件中已获得赔偿的,不再重复计算。
15、权利人主张律师费用的,可以参考司法行政部门规定的律师收费标准、实际判赔额与请求赔偿额、案件的复杂程度等因素合理酌定。
四、侵犯著作权案件中赔偿数额的确定
16、侵犯文字、美术、摄影等作品著作权的,可以在国家规定的稿酬标准的2至5倍范围内确定法定赔偿额,文字作品不足千字的以千字计算。著作权人能证明其作品能获得更高稿酬,应予支持。
17、以网络方式传播文字、美术、摄影等作品侵犯著作权的,参考作品许可费、作品知名度、侵权网站经营规模、传播范围、侵权作品点击次数等因素来确定赔偿数额。
18、以网络传播的方式传播影视作品侵犯著作权的,应考虑主张权利的原告取得版权的对价,作品知名度,上映档期,网站传播时间与影视作品公映的时间之间的间隔,侵权网站的经营规模、传播范围,涉案作品的网上点击次数等因素。
19、在互联网上传播侵权作品的,赔偿数额一般应高于在局域网上传播侵权作品的行为。
20、侵犯商业应用范围较广或者商业价值较高的计算机软件著作权的,赔偿数额应当高于侵犯一般计算机软件著作权的行为。
21、软件最终用户侵犯计算机软件著作权,被判停止侵权的,可以参考正版软件市场销售价格确定赔偿数额,根据侵权用户实际侵权使用时间,计算侵权赔偿数额。
五、侵犯商标权案件中赔偿数额的确定
22、权利人请求保护的注册商标未实际投入商业使用的,不以侵权人的获利确定赔偿数额,如果权利人确有证据证明其实际损失的,可酌情予以支持。
23、注册商标已构成商标法规定的连续三年停止使用情形的,可以仅判决赔偿权利人为制止侵权而支出的合理费用,不支持权利人要求损害赔偿的请求。
六、侵犯专利权案件中赔偿数额的确定
24、侵犯专利权案件中,可以区分被侵犯专利系外观设计、实用新型或者发明专利而确定赔偿数额。
25、同一产品既构成侵犯专利权,又构成侵犯其他权利的,不应重复计赔,在确定侵犯专利权获得利益时应扣除因侵犯其他权利获得的利益。
26、侵犯发明、实用新型专利权的产品系另一产品的零部件的,可根据该零部件本身的价值及其在实现成品利润中的作用等因素合理确定赔偿数额。
27、侵犯外观设计专利权的产品为包装物的,可根据包装物本身的价值及其在实现被包装产品利润中的作用等因素合理确定赔偿数额。
七、反不正当竞争纠纷中赔偿数额的确定
28、确定反不正当竞争法第十条规定的侵犯商业秘密行为的损害赔偿额,可以参照确定侵犯专利权的损害赔偿额的方法进行;确定反不正当竞争法第五条、第九条、第十四条规定的不正当竞争行为的损害赔偿额,可以参照确定侵犯注册商标专用权的损害赔偿额的方法进行。
29、因侵权行为导致商业秘密已公开的,应当根据该项商业秘密的商业价值确定损害赔偿额。商业秘密的商业价值,根据其研究开发成本、实施该项商业秘密的收益、可得利益、可保持竞争优势的时间等因素确定,权利人或法院委托的评估机构的估价可以作为法院判决的参考。
30、因散布虚假信息,损害不特定多数同业经营者商业信誉、商品声誉而引发的诉讼,应当考虑存在其他受害人等因素合理确定赔偿数额。
八、其他
31、本意见如与相关法律规定或者最高人民法院的司法解释相冲突,以法律或者司法解释的规定为准。
32、本意见自2010年8月20日起试行。
一、人民法院受理的知识产权民事案件有哪些?
(一)著作权及与著作权有关权益权属、侵权、合同纠纷案件;申请诉前停止侵犯著作权、与著作权有关权益行为案件,申请诉前财产保全、诉前证据保全案件;其他著作权、与著作权有关权益纠纷案件。
(二)专利权和专利申请权权属、侵权、合同纠纷案件;假冒他人专利纠纷案件;发明专利申请公布后,专利权授予前使用费纠纷案件;职务发明创造发明人、设计人奖励、报酬纠纷案件;诉前申请停止侵权、诉前申请财产保全案件;发明人、设计人资格纠纷案件;其他专利纠纷案件。
(三)注册商标专用权权属、侵权、合同纠纷案件;申请诉前停止侵犯注册商标专用权案件;申请诉前财产保全、诉前证据保全案件;其他商标纠纷案件。
(四)植物新品种申请权纠纷案件;植物新品种权权利归属纠纷案件;转让植物新品种申请权和转让植物新品种权纠纷案件;侵犯植物新品种权纠纷案件。
(五)集成电路布图设计专有权权属纠纷案件;集成电路布图设计专有权转让合同纠纷案件;侵犯集成电路布图设计专有权纠纷案件;诉前申请停止侵权案件;诉前申请财产保全案件;其他涉及集成电路布图设计的案件。
(六)侵犯知名商品特有的名称、包装、装潢纠纷案件;侵犯企业名称或者姓名纠纷案件;伪造、冒用认证标志纠纷案件;伪造、冒用名优标志纠纷案件;伪造 产地纠纷案件;虚假宣传纠纷案件;侵犯商业秘密纠纷案件;损害商业信誉、商品声誉纠纷案件;其他类型不正当竞争纠纷案件。
(七)技术开发、技术转让、技术咨询和技术服务合同纠纷案件。上海律师
(八)发现权、发明权纠纷案件。
(九)其他类型知识产权纠纷案件。
二、上海法院关于知识产权民事案件的级别管辖是如何划分的?
(一)浦东新区、黄浦区人民法院管辖下列第一审知识产权民事案件(专利纠纷案件、植物新品种纠纷案件、集成电路布图设计纠纷案件、涉及计算机网络域名的侵权纠纷案件除外):
1.诉讼标的金额为人民币500万元以下的非涉外、非涉港澳台案件;
2.诉讼标的金额为人民币100万元以下的涉外、涉港澳台案件;
3.上级人民法院指定管辖的案件。
(二)上海市第一、第二中级人民法院管辖下列第一审知识产权民事案件:
1.诉讼标的金额为人民币1亿元以下的案件;
2.在本辖区有重大影响的案件;
3.上级人民法院指定管辖的案件。
(三)上海市高级人民法院管辖下列第一审知识产权民事案件:
1.诉讼标的金额为人民币1亿元以上的案件。
2.在本市有重大影响的案件。
3.最高人民法院指定管辖的案件。
三、知识产权民事案件的地域管辖是如何规定的?
(一)专利侵权纠纷案件,由侵权行为地或者被告住所地人民法院管辖。侵权行为地包括:被控侵犯发明、实用新型专利权的产品的制造、使用、许诺销售、销 售、进口等行为的实施地;专利方法使用行为的实施地,依照该专利方法直接获得的产品的使用、许诺销售、销售、进口等行为的实施地;外观设计专利产品的制 造、销售、进口等行为的实施地;假冒他人专利的行为实施地;上述侵权行为的侵权结果发生地。
原告仅对侵权产品制造者提起诉讼,未起诉销售者,侵权产品制造地与销售地不一致的,制造地人民法院有管辖权;以制造者与销售者为共同被告起诉的,销售地人民法院有管辖权。
销售者是制造者的分支机构,原告在销售地起诉侵权产品制造者制造、销售行为的,销售地人民法院有管辖权。
(二)著作权侵权纠纷案件、商标侵权纠纷案件,由侵权行为的实施地、侵权复制品储藏地或者查封扣押地、被告住所地人民法院管辖。侵权复制品储藏地,是 指大量或者经常性储存、隐匿侵权复制品所在地;查封扣押地,是指海关、版权、工商等行政机关依法查封、扣押侵权复制品所在地。
著作权侵权纠纷案件、商标侵权纠纷案件,对涉及不同侵权行为实施地的多个被告提起的共同诉讼,原告可以选择其中一个被告的侵权行为实施地人民法院管辖;仅对其中某一被告提起的诉讼,该被告侵权行为实施地的人民法院有管辖权。
(三)涉及计算机网络著作权的侵权纠纷案件由侵权行为地或者被告住所地人民法院管辖。侵权行为地包括实施被诉侵权行为的网络服务器、计算机终端等设备所在地。对难以确定侵权行为地和被告住所地的,原告发现侵权内容的计算机终端等设备所在地可以视为侵权行为地。
(四)涉及计算机网络域名的侵权纠纷案件,由侵权行为地或者被告住所地的中级人民法院管辖。对难以确定侵权行为地和被告住所地的,原告发现该域名的计算机终端等设备所在地可以视为侵权行为地。
(五)植物新品种侵权纠纷案件,由被告住所地或者侵权行为地所属的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府所在地的和最高人民法院指定的中级人民法院管辖。植物新 品种侵权纠纷案件中的侵权行为地,是指未经品种权所有人许可,以商业目的生产、销售该植物新品种的繁殖材料的所在地,或者将该授权品种的繁殖材料重复使用 于生产另一品种的繁殖材料的所在地。
(六)集成电路布图设计专有权侵权纠纷案件,由被告住所地或者侵权行为地所属的省、自治区、直辖市人民政府所在地的或者所属的经济特区所在地的或者所属的大连、青岛、温州、佛山、烟台市的中级人民法院管辖。
(七)其他知识产权侵权纠纷案件,由侵权行为地或者被告住所地人民法院管辖。
(八)知识产权权属纠纷案件,由被告住所地人民法院管辖。
(九)知识产权合同纠纷案件,由被告住所地或者合同履行地人民法院管辖。合同当事人可以在书面合同中协议选择被告住所地、合同履行地、合同签订地、原告住所地、标的物所在地人民法院管辖,但不得违反级别管辖和专属管辖的规定。
http://finance.ifeng.com/roll/20110411/3848750.shtml
正义网北京4月11日电(见习记者 刘博)“开心”遭遇“李鬼”,谁真谁假?今天上午9点半,“开心网诉千橡开心网不正当竞争案”在北京市高级人民法院二审开庭。
2009年10月28日,“开心网”( kaixin001.com)管理方北京开心人信息技术有限公司(以下简称开心网),以侵权为由,将另一“开心网”(kaixin.com)管理方北京千 橡互联科技发展有限公司(以下简称千橡互联公司)和北京千橡网景科技发展有限公司(简称千橡网景公司)告上法庭。
2010年10月26日,北京市第二中级人民法院对该案进行宣判,千橡互联公司和千橡网景公司并未侵犯开心网(kaixin001.com)的注册 商标权,但千橡使用与开心网相同的“开心网”名称构成了不正当竞争,判决赔偿开心网40万元,并不得使用与“开心网”相同或相近的名称。开心网不服该判 决,向北京市高级人民法院提起上诉。
豆注:大家都喜欢公开信了哈。转载,纯粹学术研究用途。不代表本人观点。
http://ent.qq.com/a/20110406/000416.htm
百度公司相关负责人:
华语音乐作者维权联盟根据之前与贵公司音乐部总经理梁康妮小姐有关尽快展开音乐词曲著作权谈判的共识,现将谈判纲领及谈判代表公布如下。请贵方与我方联络确定谈判时间及地点。
谈判纲领:
一 下线。 百度必须首先中止任何与盗版音乐网站的深度音乐链接以及mp3频道之音乐服务,这是百度音乐正版化的唯一诚意前提。在公示已获得完整授权作品清单后再行上线,并于未来采用"先授权,再上线"的基本原则。
二 道歉。百度必须承认在过去十年的音乐搜索及服务领域,对于音乐著作权拥有人及音乐行业确有侵权行为并公开道歉。
三 赔偿。百度必须赔偿过去十年中音乐著作权人从百度音乐服务所应得的合法收入。百度目前市值460亿美元,2010年度营收近80亿人民币,利润30多亿人民币。而对于每年为百度平均贡献20%以上流量的音乐搜索及相关服务(百度招股书上写的30%),百度前些年在音乐版权方面一分未付。近几年迫于压力开始与个别音乐版权人合作。唯有基于客观事实计算的赔偿,才能弥补音乐著作权人近十年的真实损失。
四 共谋发展。在以上三项获得百度有诚意有建设性的回复和行动之后,本联盟愿意联合所有成员以及音乐领域其他相关组织、企业和个人,与百度共商互联网音乐的健康商业模式,使百度音乐服务成为著作权人、运营方和消费者多赢的创新平台。
此四条"下线,道歉,赔偿,共谋发展"基本原则已获得中国音像协会唱片工作委员会和中国音乐著作权协会原则支持,并将做为本联盟针对互联网企业非法侵犯音乐著作权维权行动的长期基本纲领。为了维护知识产权神圣不可侵犯,我们一定维权到底!
谈判代表:
谷建芬:著名作曲家,前全国人大常委,全国政协委员,中国音乐家协会副主席。
高晓松:著名词曲作者。
小柯(微博) :著名词曲作者。
小虫 :著名词曲作者。
李偲菘:著名词曲作者。
支持单位:中国音像协会唱片工作委员会,中国音乐著作权协会。
华语音乐作者维权联盟成员:谷建芬、高晓松、张亚东、小柯、崔健、方文山、林夕、袁惟仁 (微博)、小虫、李思菘、李伟菘、金培达(微博)、谭盾(微博)、刘欢、栾树、李海鹰、陈少琪、殷文琦、李泉(微博)、郑钧、姚谦(微博)、光良、黄韵玲(微博)、伍思凯、周治平、钟兴民、付林、伦永亮、刘卓辉、沈黎晖、胡彦斌(微博)、李春波、左小祖咒、季忠平、黄小茂、林志炫、王晓峰、谭伊哲、萨顶顶、文雅、卢中强、安栋、崔恕、莫艳琳、戈非、沈庆(微博)、便利商店乐队、天堂乐队、李广平、杨培安(微博)等百名词曲作者。
华语音乐作者维权联盟
2011年4月6日
原文载: http://www.jdshlawyer.com/News_Read.aspx?Id=176
《商标法》第十五条规定,未经授权,代理人或者代表人以自己的名义将被代理人或者被代表人的商标进行注册,被代理人或者被代表人提出异议的,不予注册并禁止使用。
代理人或者代表人未经授权,擅自注册被代理人或者被代表人商标的行为违反了诚实信用原则,侵害了被代理人、被代表人或者利害关系人的合法权益,上述规定旨在禁止代理人或者代表人恶意抢注的行为。
在商标异议、异议复审及争议案件审理中,涉及代理人或者代表人擅自注册被代理人或者被代表人商标问题的,按照《商标审理》规定的标准为原则进行个案判定。
一、适用要件
认定代理人或者代表人未经授权,擅自注册被代理人或者被代表人商标的行为,须符合下列条件:
(1)系争商标注册申请人是商标所有人的代理人或者代表人,但具有本标准之5第二款所规定情形的,依该规定执行;
(2)系争商标指定使用在与被代理人、被代表人的商标使用的商品/服务相同或者类似的商品/服务上;
(3)系争商标与被代理人、被代表人商标相同或者近似;
(4)代理人或者代表人不能证明其申请注册行为已取得被代理人或者被代表人授权。
在商标争议案件中,被代理人、被代表人或者利害关系人应当自系争商标注册之日起五年内提出撤销请求。
二、代理关系、代表关系的判定
1.《商标法》第十五条的内容源于《保护工业产权巴黎公约》第六条之七的规定,因此在对代理关系进行界定时,应当结合该条的立法目的,即制止代理人违反诚 实信用原则的恶意抢注行为,进行解释。该条所述的代理人不仅包括《中华人民共和国民法通则》、《中华人民共和国合同法》中规定的代理人,也包括基于商事业 务往来而可以知悉被代理人商标的经销商。
代表人系指具有从属于被代表人的特定身份,执行职务行为而可以知悉被代表人商标的个人,包括法定代表人、董事、监事、经理、合伙事务执行人等人员。
2.代理关系结束后,代理人将被代理人商标申请注册,致使被代理人或者利害关系人利益可能受到损害的,仍可适用《商标法》第十五条判定不予核准注册或者撤销系争商标。
代表关系结束后,对于代表人的恶意抢注行为可参照前款执行。
3.被代理人可用下列证据材料证明代理关系的存在:
(1)双方当事人签订的合同;
(2)双方当事人之间的交易凭证、采购资料等可以证明合同关系或者商事业务往来存在的证据材料;
(3)其他可以证明具有代理关系的证据材料。
被代表人可用下列证据材料证明代表关系的存在:
(1)企业注册登记资料;
(2)企业的工资表、劳动合同、任职文件、社会保险、医疗保险材料;
(3)其他可以证明一方当事人具有从属于被代表人的特定身份,执行职务行为而可以知悉被代表人商标的证据材料。
三、被代理人、被代表人的商标
1. 被代理人的商标包括:
(1)在合同或者授权委托文件中载明的被代理人商标;
(2)如当事人无约定,在代理关系已经确定时,被代理人在其被代理经销的商品/服务上,已经在先使用的商标视为被代理人商标;
(3)如当事人无约定,代理人在其所代理经销的商品/服务上所使用的商标,若因代理人自己的广告宣传等使用行为,已足以导致相关公众认为该商标是表示被代理人的商品/服务与他人商品/服务相区别的标志,则在被代理人的商品/服务上视为被代理人的商标。
2. 被代表人的商标包括:
(1)被代表人已经在先使用的商标;
(2)其他依法属于被代表人的商标。
四、系争商标的注册申请是以代理人或者代表人自己的名义提出的虽非以代理人或者代表人名义申请注册被代理人或被代表人的商标,但有证据证明,注册申请人与代理人或者代表人具有串通合谋行为的,应当适用《商标法》第十五条判定不予核准注册或者撤销系争商标。
五、对被代理人、被代表人商标的保护范围不限于与该商标所使用的商品/服务相同的商品/服务,也及于类似的商品/服务。
六、代理人或者代表人不得申请注册的商标标志,不限于与被代理人或者被代表人商标相同的标志,也包括与被代理人或者被代表人商标相近似的标志。
七、代理人、代表人取得商标注册授权的判定
1.被代理人、被代表人所做出授权的内容应当包括代理人、代表人可以注册的商品/服务及商标标志,且授权意思表示应当清楚明确。
2.代理人或者代表人应当提交以下证据材料证明授权事实的存在:
(1)被代理人、被代表人对代理人、代表人所做出的书面授权文件;
(2)其他可以认定被代理人、被代表人对代理人、代表人做出过清楚明确的授权意思表示的证据。
3.代理人、代表人虽然在申请注册时未取得被代理人、被代表人的明确授权,但被代理人、被代表人对该申请注册行为进行了事后追认的,视为代理人、代表人取得了被代理人、被代表人的授权。
八、利害关系人的判定
依照《商标法》第四十一条第二款规定,除被代理人或者被代表人外,利害关系人也可以请求商标评审委员会裁定撤销系争商标。下列主体为利害关系人:
(1)被代理人或者被代表人商标的合法继受人;
(2)被代理人或者被代表人商标的被许可使用人;
(3)其他有证据证明与案件有利害关系的主体。
是否为利害关系人,应当以提出评审申请时为准。但于案件审理时已具备利害关系的,也应当认定为利害关系人。
中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例 2011
=======
国务院关于废止和修改部分行政法规的决定(节录)
中华人民共和国国务院令
第588号
《国务院关于废止和修改部分行政法规的决定》已经2010年12月29日国务院第138次常务会议通过,现予公布,自公布之日起施行。
总 理 温家宝
二○一一年一月八日
115.将《中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例》第二十二条、第三十二条中的“依照著作权法第二十三条、第三十二条第二款、第三十九条第三款的规定”修改为“依照著作权法第二十三条、第三十三条第二款、第四十条第三款的规定”。
第二十九条中的“视为著作权法第三十一条所称图书脱销”修改为“视为著作权法第三十二条所称图书脱销”。
第三十条中的“著作权人依照著作权法第三十二条第二款声明”修改为“著作权人依照著作权法第三十三条第二款声明”。
第三十一条中的“著作权人依照著作权法第三十九条第三款声明”修改为“著作权人依照著作权法第四十条第三款声明”。
第三十六条、第三十七条第一款中的“有著作权法第四十七条所列侵权行为”修改为“有著作权法第四十八条所列侵权行为”。
以下为修改后的中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例
中华人民共和国国务院令
(第359号)
现公布《中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例》,自2002年9月15日起施行。
总理 朱镕基
二○○二年八月二日
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国著作权法》(以下简称著作权法),制定本条例。
第二条 著作权法所称作品,是指文学、艺术和科学领域内具有独创性并能以某种有形形式复制的智力成果。
第三条 著作权法所称创作,是指直接产生文学、艺术和科学作品的智力活动。
为他人创作进行组织工作,提供咨询意见、物质条件,或者进行其他辅助工作,均不视为创作。
第四条 著作权法和本条例中下列作品的含义:
(一)文字作品,是指小说、诗词、散文、论文等以文字形式表现的作品;
(二)口述作品,是指即兴的演说、授课、法庭辩论等以口头语言形式表现的作品;
(三)音乐作品,是指歌曲、交响乐等能够演唱或者演奏的带词或者不带词的作品;
(四)戏剧作品,是指话剧、歌剧、地方戏等供舞台演出的作品;
(五)曲艺作品,是指相声、快书、大鼓、评书等以说唱为主要形式表演的作品;
(六)舞蹈作品,是指通过连续的动作、姿势、表情等表现思想情感的作品;
(七)杂技艺术作品,是指杂技、魔术、马戏等通过形体动作和技巧表现的作品;
(八)美术作品,是指绘画、书法、雕塑等以线条、色彩或者其他方式构成的有审美意义的平面或者立体的造型艺术作品;
(九)建筑作品,是指以建筑物或者构筑物形式表现的有审美意义的作品;
(十)摄影作品,是指借助器械在感光材料或者其他介质上记录客观物体形象的艺术作品;
(十一)电影作品和以类似摄制电影的方法创作的作品,是指摄制在一定介质上,由一系列有伴音或者无伴音的画面组成,并且借助适当装置放映或者以其他方式传播的作品;
(十二)图形作品,是指为施工、生产绘制的工程设计图、产品设计图,以及反映地理现象、说明事物原理或者结构的地图、示意图等作品;
(十三)模型作品,是指为展示、试验或者观测等用途,根据物体的形状和结构,按照一定比例制成的立体作品。
第五条 著作权法和本条例中下列用语的含义:
(一)时事新闻,是指通过报纸、期刊、广播电台、电视台等媒体报道的单纯事实消息;
(二)录音制品,是指任何对表演的声音和其他声音的录制品;
(三)录像制品,是指电影作品和以类似摄制电影的方法创作的作品以外的任何有伴音或者无伴音的连续相关形象、图像的录制品;
(四)录音制作者,是指录音制品的首次制作人;
(五)录像制作者,是指录像制品的首次制作人;
(六)表演者,是指演员、演出单位或者其他表演文学、艺术作品的人。
第六条 著作权自作品创作完成之日起产生。
第七条 著作权法第二条第三款规定的首先在中国境内出版的外国人、无国籍人的作品,其著作权自首次出版之日起受保护。
第八条 外国人、无国籍人的作品在中国境外首先出版后,30日内在中国境内出版的,视为该作品同时在中国境内出版。
第九条 合作作品不可以分割使用的,其著作权由各合作作者共同享有,通过协商一致行使;不能协商一致,又无正当理由的,任何一方不得阻止他方行使除转让以外的其他权利,但是所得收益应当合理分配给所有合作作者。
第十条 著作权人许可他人将其作品摄制成电影作品和以类似摄制电影的方法创作的作品的,视为已同意对其作品进行必要的改动,但是这种改动不得歪曲篡改原作品。
第十一条 著作权法第十六条第一款关于职务作品的规定中的“工作任务”,是指公民在该法人或者该组织中应当履行的职责。
著作权法第十六条第二款关于职务作品的规定中的“物质技术条件”,是指该法人或者该组织为公民完成创作专门提供的资金、设备或者资料。
第十二条 职务作品完成两年内,经单位同意,作者许可第三人以与单位使用的相同方式使用作品所获报酬,由作者与单位按约定的比例分配。
作品完成两年的期限,自作者向单位交付作品之日起计算。
第十三条 作者身份不明的作品,由作品原件的所有人行使除署名权以外的著作权。作者身份确定后,由作者或者其继承人行使著作权。
第十四条 合作作者之一死亡后,其对合作作品享有的著作权法第十条第一款第(五)项至第(十七)项规定的权利无人继承又无人受遗赠的,由其他合作作者享有。
第十五条 作者死亡后,其著作权中的署名权、修改权和保护作品完整权由作者的继承人或者受遗赠人保护。
著作权无人继承又无人受遗赠的,其署名权、修改权和保护作品完整权由著作权行政管理部门保护。
第十六条 国家享有著作权的作品的使用,由国务院著作权行政管理部门管理。
第十七条 作者生前未发表的作品,如果作者未明确表示不发表,作者死亡后50年内,其发表权可由继承人或者受遗赠人行使;没有继承人又无人受遗赠的,由作品原件的所有人行使。
第十八条 作者身份不明的作品,其著作权法第十条第一款第(五)项至第(十七)项规定的权利的保护期截止于作品首次发表后第50年的12月31日。作者身份确定后,适用著作权法第二十一条的规定。
第十九条 使用他人作品的,应当指明作者姓名、作品名称;但是,当事人另有约定或者由于作品使用方式的特性无法指明的除外。
第二十条 著作权法所称已经发表的作品,是指著作权人自行或者许可他人公之于众的作品。
第二十一条 依照著作权法有关规定,使用可以不经著作权人许可的已经发表的作品的,不得影响该作品的正常使用,也不得不合理地损害著作权人的合法利益。
第二十二条 依照著作权法第二十三条、第三十二条第二款、第三十九条第三款的规定使用作品的付酬标准,由国务院著作权行政管理部门会同国务院价格主管部门制定、公布。
第二十三条 使用他人作品应当同著作权人订立许可使用合同,许可使用的权利是专有使用权的,应当采取书面形式,但是报社、期刊社刊登作品除外。
第二十四条 著作权法第二十四条规定的专有使用权的内容由合同约定,合同没有约定或者约定不明的,视为被许可人有权排除包括著作权人在内的任何人以同样的方式使用作品;除合同另有约定外,被许可人许可第三人行使同一权利,必须取得著作权人的许可。
第二十五条 与著作权人订立专有许可使用合同、转让合同的,可以向著作权行政管理部门备案。
第二十六条 著作权法和本条例所称与著作权有关的权益,是指出版者对其出版的图书和期刊的版式设计享有的权利,表演者对其表演享有的权利,录音录像制作者对其制作的录音录像制品享有的权利,广播电台、电视台对其播放的广播、电视节目享有的权利。
第二十七条 出版者、表演者、录音录像制作者、广播电台、电视台行使权利,不得损害被使用作品和原作品著作权人的权利。
第二十八条 图书出版合同中约定图书出版者享有专有出版权但没有明确其具体内容的,视为图书出版者享有在合同有效期限内和在合同约定的地域范围内以同种文字的原版、修订版出版图书的专有权利。
第二十九条 著作权人寄给图书出版者的两份订单在6个月内未能得到履行,视为著作权法第三十二条所称图书脱销。
第三十条 著作权人依照著作权法第三十三条第二款声明不得转载、摘编其作品的,应当在报纸、期刊刊登该作品时附带声明。
第三十一条 著作权人依照著作权法第四十条第三款声明不得对其作品制作录音制品的,应当在该作品合法录制为录音制品时声明。
第三十二条 依照著作权法第二十三条、第三十二条第二款、第三十九条第三款的规定,使用他人作品的,应当自使用该作品之日起2个月内向著作权人支付报酬。
第三十三条 外国人、无国籍人在中国境内的表演,受著作权法保护。
外国人、无国籍人根据中国参加的国际条约对其表演享有的权利,受著作权法保护。
第三十四条 外国人、无国籍人在中国境内制作、发行的录音制品,受著作权法保护。
外国人、无国籍人根据中国参加的国际条约对其制作、发行的录音制品享有的权利,受著作权法保护。
第三十五条 外国的广播电台、电视台根据中国参加的国际条约对其播放的广播、电视节目享有的权利,受著作权法保护。
第三十六条 有著作权法第四十八条所列侵权行为,同时损害社会公共利益的,著作权行政管理部门可以处非法经营额3倍以下的罚款;非法经营额难以计算的,可以处10万元以下的罚款。
第三十七条 有著作权法第四十八条所列侵权行为,同时损害社会公共利益的,由地方人民政府著作权行政管理部门负责查处。
国务院著作权行政管理部门可以查处在全国有重大影响的侵权行为。
第三十八条 本条例自2002年9月15日起施行。1991年5月24日国务院批准、1991年5月30日国家版权局发布的《中华人民共和国著作权法实施条例》同时废止。
Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China
(Adopted at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People’s Congress on 23 August 1982, revised for the first time according to the Decision on the Amendment of the Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China adopted at the 30th Session of the Standing Committee the Seventh National People’s Congress, on 22 February 1993, and revised for the second time according to the Decision on the Amendment of the Trademark Law of the People’s Republic of China adopted at the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People’s Congress on 27 October 2001.)
Chapter l General Provisions
Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purposes of improving the administration of trademarks, protecting the exclusive right to use trademarks, and of encouraging producers and operators to guarantee the quality of their goods and services and maintaining the reputation of their trademarks, with a view to protecting the interests of consumers, producers and operators and to promoting the development of the socialist market economy.
Article 2 The Trademark Office of the administrative authority for industry and commerce under the State Council shall be responsible for the registration and administration of trademarks throughout the country.
The Trademark Review and Adjudication Board, established under the administrative authority for industry and commerce under the State Council, shall be responsible for handling matters of trademark disputes.
Article 3 Registered trademarks mean trademarks that have been approved and registered by the Trademark Office, including trademarks, service marks, collective marks and certification marks; the trademark registrants shall enjoy the exclusive right to use the trademarks, and be protected by law.
Said collective marks mean signs which are registered in the name of bodies, associations or other organizations to be used by the members thereof in their commercial activities to indicate their membership of the organizations.
Said certification marks mean signs which are controlled by organizations capable of supervising some goods or services and used by entities or individual persons outside the organization for their goods or services to certify the origin, material, mode of manufacture, quality or other characteristics of the goods or services.
Regulations for the particular matters of registration and administration of collective and certification marks shall be established by the administrative authority for industry and commerce under the State Council.
Article 4 Any natural person, legal entity or other organization intending to acquire the exclusive right to use a trademark for the goods produced, manufactured, processed, selected or marketed by it or him, shall file an application for the registration of the trademark with the Trademark Office. Any natural person, legal entity or other organization intending to acquire the exclusive right to use a service mark for the service provided by it or him, shall file an application for the registration of the service mark with the Trademark Office.
The provisions set forth in this Law concerning trademarks shall apply to service marks.
Article 5 Two or more natural persons, legal entities or other organizations may jointly file an application for the registration for the same trademark with the Trademark Office, and jointly enjoy and exercise the exclusive right to use the trademark.
Article 6 As for any of such goods, as prescribed by the State, that must bear a registered trademark, a trademark registration must be applied for. Where no trademark registration has been granted, such goods cannot be marketed.
Article 7 Any user of a trademark shall be responsible for the quality of the goods in respect of which the trademark is used. The administrative authorities for industry and commerce at different levels shall, through the administration of trademarks, stop any practice that deceives consumers.
Article 8 In respect of any visual sign capable of distinguishing the goods or service of one natural person, legal entity or any other organization from that of others, including any word, design, letters of an alphabet, numerals, three-dimensional symbol, combinations of
Colours, and their combination, an application may be filed for registration.
Article 9 Any trademark in respect of which an application for registration is filed shall be so distinctive as to be distinguishable, and shall not conflict with any prior right acquired by another person.
A trademark registrant has the right to use the words of "registered trademark" or a symbol to indicate that his trademark is registered.
Article 10< /span> The following signs shall not be used as trademarks:
(1) those identical with or similar to the State name, national flag, national emblem, military flag, or decorations, of the People’s Republic of China, with names of the places where the Central and State organs are located, or with the names and designs of landmark buildings;
(2) those identical with or similar to the State names, national flags, national emblems or military flags of foreign countries, except that the foreign state government agrees otherwise on the use;
(3) those identical with or similar to the names, flags or emblems or names, of international intergovernmentaI organizations, except that the organizations agree otherwise on the use or that it is not easy for the use to mislead the public;
(4) those identical with or similar to official signs and hallmarks, showing official control or warranty by them, except that the use thereof is otherwise authorized;
(5) those identical with or simi1ar to the symbols, or names, of the Red Cross or the Red Crescent;
(6) those having the nature of discrimination against any nationality;
(7) those having the nature of exaggeration and fraud in advertising goods; and
(8) those detrimental to socialist morals or customs, or having other unhealthy influences.
The geographical names as the administrative divisions at or above the county level and the foreign geographical names well known to the public shall not be used as trademarks, but such geographical terms as have otherwise meanings or are a part of collective marks/or a certification marks shall be exclusive. Where a trademark using any of the above-mentioned geographical names has been approved and registered, it shall continue to be valid.
Article 11 The following signs shall not be registered as trademarks:
(1) those only comprising generic names, designs or models of the goods in respect of which the trademarks are used; –
(2) those having direct reference to the quality, main raw materials, function, use, weight, quantity or other features of the goods in respect of which the trademarks are used; and
(3) those lacking distinctive features.
The signs under the preceding paragraphs may be registered as trademarks where they have acquired the distinctive features through use and become readily identifiable.
Article 12 Where an application is filed for registration of a three-dimensional sign as a trademark, any shape derived from the goods itself, required for obtaining the technical effect, or giving the goods substantive value, shall not be registered.
Article 13 Where a trademark in respect of which the application for registration is filed for use for identical or similar goods is a reproduction, imitation or translation of another person’s trademark not registered in China and likely to cause confusion, it shall be rejected for registration and prohibited from use.
Where a trademark in respect of which the application for registration is filed fdr use for non-identical or dissimilar goods is a reproduction, imitation or translation of the well-known mark of another person that has been registered in China, misleads the pub1ic and is likely to create prejudice to the interests of the well-known mark registrant, it shall be rejected for registration and prohibited from use.
Article 14 Account shall be taken of the fol1owing factors in establishment of a well-known mark:
(l) reputation of the mark to the relevant public;
(2) time for continued use of the mark;
(3) consecutive time, extent and geographical area of advertisement of the mark;
(4) records of protection of the mark as a well-known mark; and
(5) any other factors relevant to the reputation of the mark.
Article 15 Where any agent or representative registers, in its or his own name, the trademark of a person for whom it or he acts as the agent or representative without authorization therefrom, and the latter raises opposition, the trademark shall be rejected for registration and prohibited from use.
Article 16 Where a trademark contains a geographic indication of the goods in respect of which the trademark is used, the goods is not from the region indicated therein and it misleads the public, it shall be rejected for registration and prohibited from use; however, any trademark that has been registered in good faith shall remain valid.
The geographic indications mentioned in the preceding paragraph refer to the signs that signify the place of origin of the goods in respect of which the signs are used, their specific quality, reputation or other features as mainly decided by the natural or cultural factors of the regions.
Article 17 Any foreign person or foreign enterprise intending to apply for the registration of a trademark in China shall file an application in accordance with any agreement concluded between the People’s Republic of China and the country to which the applicant belongs, or according to the international treaty to which both countries are parties, or on the basis of the principles of reciprocity.
Article 18 Any foreign person or foreign enterprise intending to apply for the registration of a trademark or for any other matters conceming a trademark in China sha1l appoint any of such organizations as designated by the State to act as its or his agent.
Chapter II AppIication for Trademark Registration
Article 19 An applicant for the registration of a trademark shall, in a form, indicate, in accordance with the prescribed classification of goods, the class of the goods and the designation of the goods in respect of which the trademark is to be used.
Article 20 Where any applicant for registration of a trademark intends to use the same trademark for goods in different classes, an application for registration shall be filed in respect of each class of the prescribed classification of goods.
Article 21 Where a registered trademark is to be used in respect of other goods of the same class, a new application for registration shall be filed.
Article 22 Where the sign of a registered trademark is to be altered, a new registration shall be applied for.
Article 23 Where, after the registration of a trademark, the name, address or other registered matters concerning the registrant change, an application regarding the change shall be filed.
Article 24 Any aPp1icant for the registration of a trademark who files an application for registration of the same trademark for identica1 goods in China within six months from the date of filing the first application for the trademark registration overseas may enjoy the right of priority in accordance with any agreement concluded between the People’s Republic of China and the country to which the applicant belongs, or according to the international treaty to which both countries are parties, or on the basis of the principle whereby each acknowledges the right of priority of the other.
Anyone claiming the right of priority according to the preceding paragraph shall make a statement in writing when it or he files the application for the trademark registration, and submit, within three months, a copy of the application documents it or he first filed for the registration of the trademark; where the applicant fails to make the claim in writing or submit the copy of the application documents within the time limit, the claim shall be deemed not to have been made for the right of priority.
Article 25 Where a trademark is first used for goods in an international exhibition on sponsored or recognized by me Chinese Government, the applicant for the registration of the trademark may enjoy the right of priority within six months from the date of exhibition of the goods.
Anyone claiming the right of priority according to the preceding paragraph shall make a claim in writing when it or he files the application for the registration of the trademark, and submit, within three months, documents showing the title of the exhibition in which its or his goods was displayed, proof that the trademark was used for the goods exhibited, and the date of exhibition; where the claim is not made in writing, or the proof documents not submitted within the time limit, the claim shall be deemed not to have been made for the right of priority.
Article 26 The matters reported and materials submitted in the application for trademark registration shall be true, accurate and complete.
Chapter lII Examination for and ApprovaI of Trademark Registration
Article 27 Where a trademark the registration of which has been applied for is in conformity with the relevant provisions of this Law, the Trademark Office shall, after examination, preliminarily approve the trademark and publish it.
Article 28 Where a trademark the registration of which has been applied for is not in conformity with the relevant provisions of this Law, or it is identical with or similar to the trademark of another person that has, in respect of the same or similar goods, been registered or, af
ter examination, preliminarily approved, the Trademark Office shall refuse the application and shall not publish the said trademark.
Article 29 Where two or more applicants apply for the registration of identical or similar trademarks for the same or similar goods, the preliminary aPproval, after examination, and the publication shall be made for the trademark which was first filed. Where applications are filed on the same day, the preliminary approval, after examination, and the publication shall be made for the trademark which was the earliest used, and the applications of the others shall be refused and their trademarks shall not be published.
Article 30 Any person may, within three months from the date of the publication, file an opposition against the trademark that has, after examination, been preliminarily approved. If no opposition has been filed after the expiration of the time limit from the publication, the registration shall be approved, a certificate of trademark registration shall be issued and the trademark shall be published.
Article 31 An application for the registration of a trademark shall not create any prejudice to the prior right of another person, nor unfair means be used to pre-emptively register the trademark of some reputation another person has used.
Article 32 Where the application for registration of a trademark is refused and no publication of the trademark is made, the Trademark Office shall notify the applicant of the same in writing. Where the applicant is dissatisfied, he may, within fifteen days from receipt of the notice, file an application with the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board for a review. The Trademark Review and Adjudication Board shall make a decision and notify ‘the applicant in writing.
Any interested party who is not satisfied with the decision made by the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board may, within thirty days from receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court.
Article 33 Where an opposition is filed against the trademark that has, after examination, been preliminarily approved and published, the Trademark Office shall hear both the opponent and applicant state facts and grounds, and shall, after investigation and verification, make a decision. Where any party is dissatisfied, it or he may within fifteen days from receipt of the notification, apply for a reexamination, and the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board shall make a decision and notify both the opponent and applicant in writing.
Any interested party who is not satisfied with the decision made by the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice, may institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court. The People’s Court shall notify the other party to the trademark reexamination proceeding to be a third party to the litigation.
Article 34 Where the interested party does not, within the statutory time limit, apply for the reexamination of the adjudication by the Trademark Office or does not institute legal proceedings in respect of the ad judication by the Trademark Review and Ad judication Board, the adjudication takes effect.
Where the opposition cannot be established upon ad judication, the registration shall be approved, a certificate of trademark registration shall be issued and the trademark shall be published; where the opposition is established upon adjudication, the registration shall not be approved.
Where the opposition cannot be established upon ad judication, but the registration is approved, the time of the exclusive right the trademark registration applicant has obtained to use the trademark is counted from the date on which the three months expires from the publication of the preliminary examination.
Article 35 Any application for trademark registration and trademark reexamination shall be examined in due course.
Article 36 Where any trademark registration applicant or registrant finds any obvious errors in the trademark registration documents or application documents, it or he may apply for correction thereof The Trademark Office shall ex officio make the correction according to law and notify the interested party of the correction.
The error correction mentioned in the preceding paragraph shall not relate to the substance of the trademark registration documents or application documents.
Chapter IV RenewaI, Assignment and Licensing of Registered Trademarks
Article 37 The period of validity of a registered trademark shall be ten years, counted from the date of approval of the registration.
Article 38 Where the registrant intends to continue to use the registered trademark beyond the expiration of the period of validity, an application for renewal of the registration shall be made within six months before the said expiration. Where no application therefore has been filed within the said period, a grace period of six months may be allowed. If no application has been filed at the expiration the grace period, the registered trademark shall be cancelled.
The period of validity of each renewal of registration shaIl be ten years.
Any renewa1 of registration shall be published after it as been approved.
Article 39 Where a registered trademark is assigned, the assignor and assignee shall conclude a contract for the assignment, and jointly file an application with the trademark Office. The assignee shall guarantee the quality of the goods in respect of which the registered trademark is used.
The assignment of a registered trademark shall be published after it has been approved, and the assignee enjoys the exclusive right to use the trademark from the date of publication.
Article 40 Any trademark registrant may, by signing a trademark license contf8ct, authorize other persons to use his registered trademark. The licensor shall supervise the quality of the goods in respect of which the licensee uses his registered trademark, and the licensee shall guarantee the quality of the goods in respect of which the registered Trademark is used.
Where any party is authorized to use a registered trademark of another person, the name of the licensee and the origin of the goods must be indicated on the goods that bear the registered trademark.
The trademark license contract shall be submitted to the Trademark Office for record. Chapter V Adjudication of Disputes Concerning Registered Trademarks
Article 41 Where a registered trademark stands in violation of the provisions of Articles 10, 11 and 12 of this Law, or the registration of a trademark was acquired by fraud or any other unfair means, the Trademark Office shall cancel the registered trademark in question; and any other organization or individual may request the Trademark Review and Ad judication Board to make an adjudication to cancel such a registered trademark.
Where a registered trademark stands in violation of the provisions of Articles l3, l5, l6 and 3l of this Law, any other trademark owner concerned or interested party may, within five years from the date of the registration of the trademark, file a request with the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board for adjudication to cancel the registered trademark. Where a well-known mark is registered in bad faith, the genuine owner thereof shall not be restricted by the five-year limitation.
In addition to those cases as provided for in the preceding two paragraphs, any person disputing a registered trademark may, within five years from the date of approval of the trademark registration, apply to the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board for adjudication.
The Trademark Review and Adjudication Board shall, after receipt of the application for adjudication, notify the interested parties and request them to respond with arguments within a specified period.
Article 42 Where a trademark, before its being approved for registration, has been the object of opposition and decision, no application for adjudication may be filed based on the same facts and grounds.
Article 43 After the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board has made an adjudication either to maintain or to cancel a registered trademark, it shall notify the interested parties of the same in writing.
Any interested party who is dissatisfied with the adjudication made by the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board may, within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court. The People’s Court shall notify the other party of the trademark adjudication proceeding to be a third party to the legal proceedings.
Chapter Vl Administration of the Use of Trademarks
Article 44 Where any person who uses a registered trademark has committed any of the following, the Trademark Office shall order him to rectify the situation within a specified period or even cancel the registered trademark:
(1) where a registered trademark is altered unilaterally (that is, without the required registration);
(2) where the name, address or other registered matters concerning the registrant of a registered trademark are changed unilaterally (that is, without the required application ),
(3) where the registered trademark is assigned unilaterally (that is, without the required approval); or
(4) where the use of the registered trademark has ceased for three consecutive years.
Article 45 Where a registered trademark is used in respect of the goods that have been roughly or poorly manufactured, or whose superior quality has been replaced by inferior quality, so that consumers are deceived, the administrative authorities for industry and commerce at different levels shall, according to the circumstances, order rectification of the situation within a specified period, and may, in addition, circulate a notice of criticism or impose a fine, and the Trademark Office may even cancel the registered trademark.
Article 46 Where a registered trademark has been cancelled or has not been renewed at the expiration, the Trademark Office shall, during one year from the date of the cancellation or removal thereof, approve no application for the registration of a trademark that is identical with or similar to the said trademark.
Article 47 Where any person violates the provisions of Article 6 of this Law, the local administrative authority for industry and commerce shall order him to file an application for the registration within a specified period, and may, in addition, impose a fine.
Article 48 Where any person who uses an unregistered trademark has committed any of the following, the local administrative authority for industry and commerce shall stop the use of the trademark, order him to rectify the situation within a specified period, and may, in addition, circulate a notice of criticism or impose a fine:
(1) where the trademark is falsely represented as registered;
(2) where any provision of Article 10 of this Law is violated; or
(3) where the manufacture is of rough or poor quality, or where superior quality is replaced by inferior quality, so that ‘consumers are deceived.
Article 49 Any party dissatisfied with the decision of the Trademark Office to cancel a registered trademark may, within fifteen days from receipt of the corresponding notice, apply for a review. The Trademark Review and Adjudication Board shall make a decision and notify the applicant in writing.
Any interested party dissatisfied with the decision by the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board may, within thirty days from the date of receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court.
Article 50 Any party dissatisfied with the decision of the administrative authority for industry and commerce to impose a fine under the provisions of Article 45, Article 47 or Article 48 may, within fifteen days from receipt of the corresponding notice, institute legal proceedings with the People’s Court. If there have been instituted no legal proceedings or made no performance of the decision at the expiration of the said period, the administrative authority for industry and commerce may request the People’s Court for compulsory execution thereof.
Chapter VlI Protection of the ExcIusive Rights to Use Registered Trademarks
Article 51 The exclusive right to use a registered trademark is limited to the trademark which has been approved for registration and to the goods in respect of which the use of the trademark has been approved.
Article 52 Any of the following acts shall be an infringement of the exclusive right to use a registered trademark:
(1) to use a trademark that is identical with or similar to a registered trademark in respect of the identical or similar goods without the authorization from the trademark registrant;
(2) to sell goods that he knows bear a counterfeited registered trademark;
(3) to counterfeit, or to make, without authorization, representations of a registered trademark of another person, or to sell such representations of a registered trademark as
were counterfeited, or made without authorization;
(4) to replace, without the consent of the trademark registrant, its or his registered trademark and market again the goods bearing the replaced trademark; or
(5) to cause, in other respects, prejudice to the exclusive right of another person to use a registered trademark.
Article 53 Where any party has committed any of such acts to infringe the exclusive right to use a registered trademark as provided for in Article 52 of this Law and has caused a dispute, the interested parties shall resolve the dispute through consultation; where they are reluctant to resolve the matter through consultation or the consultation fails, the trademark registrant or interested party may institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court or request the administrative authority for industry and commerce for actions. Where it is established that the infringing act is constituted in its handling the matter, the administrative authority for industry and commerce handling the matter shall order the infringer to immediately stop the infringing act, confiscate and destroy the infringing goods and tools specially used for the manufacture of the infringing goods and for counterfeiting the representations of the registered trademark, and impose a fine. Where any interested party is dissatisfied with decision on handling the matter, it or he may, within fifteen days from the date of receipt of the notice, institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court
according to the Administrative Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China. If there have been instituted no legal proceedings or made on performance of the decision at the expiration of the said period, the administrative authority for industry and commerce shall request the People’s Court for compulsory execution thereof. The administrative authority for industry and commerce handling the matter may, upon the request of
the interested party, medicate on the amount of compensation for the infringement of the exclusive right to use the trademark; where the medication fails, the interested party may institute legal proceedings in the People’s Court according to the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China.
Article 54 The administrative authority for industry and commerce has the power to investigate and handle any act of infringement of the exclusive right to use a registered trademark according to law; where the case is so serious as to constitute a crime, it shall be transferred to the judicial authority for handling.
Article 55 When investigating and handling an act suspected of infringement of a registered trademark, the administrative authority for industry and commerce at or above the county level may, according to the obtained evidence of the suspected violation of law or informed offence, exercise the following functions and authorities:
(1 ) to inquire of the interested parties involved, and to investigate the relevant events of the infringement of the exclusive right to use the trademark;
(2) to read and make copy of the contract, receipts, account books and other relevant materials of the interested parties relating to the infringement;
(3) to inspect the site where the interested party committed the alleged infringement of the exclusive right to use the trademark; and
(4) to inspect any articles relevant to the infringement; any articles that prove to have been used for the infringement of another person’s exclusive right to use the trademark may be sealed up or seized.
When the administrative authority for industry and commerce exercises the preceding functions and authorities, the interested party shall cooperate and help, and shall not refuse to do so or stand in the way.
Article 56 The amount of damages shall be the profit that the infringer has earned because of the infringement in the period of the infringement or the injury that the infringee has suffered from the infringement in the period of the infringement, including the appropriate expenses of the infringee for stopping the infringement.
Where it is difficult to determine the profit that the infringer has earned because of the infringement in the period of the infringement or the injury that the infringee has suffered from the infringement in the period of the infringement, the People’s Court shall impose an amount of damages of no more than RMB 500, 000 yuan according to the circumstances of the infringement.
Anyone who sells a goods that it or he does not know has infringed the exclusive right to use a registered trademark, and is able to prove that it or he has obtained the goods legitimately and indicates the supplier thereof shall not bear the liability for damages.
Article 57 Where a trademark registrant or interested party who has evidence to show that another person is committing or will commit an infringement of the right to use its or his registered trademark, and that failure to promptly stop the infringement will cause irreparable damages to its or his legitimate rights and interests, it or he may file an application with the People’s Court to order cessation of the relevant act and to take measures for property preservation before instituting legal proceedings in the People’s Court.
The People’s Court handling the application under the preceding paragraph shall apply the provisions of Articles 93 to 96 and 99 of the Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China.
Article 58 In order to stop an infringing act, any trademark registrant or interested party may file an application with the People’s Court for preservation of the evidence before instituting legal proceedings in the People’s Court where the evidence will possibly be destroyed or lost or difficult to be obtained again in the future. The People’s Court must make adjudication within forty-eight hours after receipt of the application; where it is decided to take the preservative measures, the measures shall be executed immediately. The People’s Court may order the applicant to place guaranty; where the applicant fails to place the guaranty, the application shall be rejected.
Where the applicant institutes no legal proceedings within fifteen days after the People’s Court takes the preservative measures, the People’s Court shall release the measures taken for the preservation.
Article 59 Where any party uses, without the authorization from the trademark registrant, a trademark identical with a registered trademark, and the case is so serious as to constitute a crime, he shall be prosecuted, according to law, for his criminal liabilities in addition to his compensation for the damages suffered by the infringee.
Where any party counterfeits, or makes, without authorization, representations of a registered trademark of another person, or sells such representations of a registered trademark as were counterfeited, or made without authorization, and the case is so serious as to constitute a crime, he shall be prosecuted, according to law, for his criminal liabilities in addition to his compensation for the damages suffered by the infringee.
Where any party sells goods that he knows bear a counterfeited registered trademark, and the case is so serious as to constitute a crime, he shall be prosecuted, according to law, for his criminal liabilities in addition to his compensation for the damages suffered by the infringee.
Article 60 The State functionaries for the registration, administration and reexamination of trademarks must handle cases according to law, be incorruptible and disciplined, devoted to their duties and courteous and honest in their provision of service.
The State functionaries of the Trademark Office and the Trademark Review and Adjudication Board and those working for the registration, administration and reexamination of trademarks shall not practice as trademark agent and engage in any activity to manufacture and market goods.
商标侵权成知产犯罪重灾区 最高法起草司法解释
中国新闻网 2010年11月03日 来源:法制日报
http://news.jcrb.com/xwjj/201011/t20101103_461517.html
租了鞋城摊位,公开出售假冒的“耐克”、“阿迪达斯”等名牌运动鞋,近日,北京市丰台区人民法院以销售假冒注册商标商品罪,判处商贩庄某、赖某有期徒刑1年,缓刑1年,判处赖某某有期徒刑9个月,缓刑1年,均并处罚金。
诸如此类的侵犯商标权犯罪,正成为侵犯知识产权犯罪的“重灾区”。来自最高人民法院的信息显示,当前侵犯知识产权犯罪类型高度集中。在今年前6个月全国地方法院判处的500件侵犯知识产权案件中,近九成案件为侵犯商标权类犯罪。
“随着社会经济、技术竞争日益加剧,注册商标作为企业无形的知识产权,其法律保护尤为重要。”最高人民法院刑二庭副庭长苗有水表示,人民法院依法严惩侵犯知识产权犯罪,充分发挥了刑事审判惩治和震慑侵犯知识产权犯罪的功能。
知产犯罪趋向规模化组织化
苗有水向《法制日报》记者列举了一个典型案例:
2006年至2007年8月间,张树成、朱带傍、石华浓、杨邦成在未经注册商标所有人许可的情况下,擅自组织工人生产带有东芝、柯尼卡美能达、佳能、松下、理光、夏普、富士施乐等注册商标的碳粉。张树成、石华浓负责安排生产原料、发货、收货等工作,朱带傍负责安排生产计划、联系客户等工作,杨邦成负责运送原材料、成品等工作。2007年2月6日至8月14日,四被告人在广州市番禺区组织生产并销售了假冒上述注册商标的碳粉14086支,价值3399826元。2007年8月29日,广州市公安局番禺分局、广州市番禺区质量技术监督局从四被告人处缴获带有上述注册商标的碳粉2912支,价值742852元。
番禺区人民法院经审理认为,四被告人未经注册商标所有人许可,在同一种商品上使用与其注册商标相同的商标,情节特别严重,其行为均已构成假冒注册商标罪,均被判处有期徒刑4年3个月,并处罚金1万元。
“这是一起假冒注册商标的共同犯罪案件。”苗有水说,本案中,被假冒的注册商标包括东芝、佳能、松下等多个国际知名品牌,非法经营数额高达400余万元人民币,情节特别严重,社会影响较大,具有典型性。
据介绍,侵犯知识产权犯罪正趋向规模化、组织化。“分工明确的共同犯罪,尤其是三人以上团伙犯罪是侵犯知识产权犯罪的一大特点。”苗有水说,这类犯罪团伙内部组织较严密,制假、销售、联络和收款都有明确分工。
将出台司法解释统一裁判尺度
随着经济的进一步发展,市场竞争进一步加剧,加之对侵权获利的追逐等因素,商标侵权行为不时发生。然而,由于相关法律规定的比较原则,法律适用疑难问题较多。
有基层法官表示,刑法对于侵犯商标权犯罪的三个罪名规定相同的刑罚幅度,有悖于罪责刑相适应原则的要求,不利于不同犯罪之间罪刑的平衡和协调。建议调整侵犯商标权犯罪的刑罚设置,加大罚金刑的适用。
还有法官认为,法律对于粘贴假冒注册商标标识行为的定性不明确,并建议,原则上可以将粘贴行为认定为假冒注册商标罪中的使用行为,即行为人先后购进假冒的注册商标标识及侵权产品,在侵权产品上粘贴假冒注册商标标识后进行销售的行为,构成假冒注册商标罪。
也有法官建议,行为人以不正当手段低价获得他人未包装的产品,并以他人注册商标进行包装销售的擅自贴牌行为,属于“未经注册商标所有人许可,在同一种商品上使用与其注册商标相同的商标”的情形,构成假冒注册商标罪。
对此,苗有水坦言:“当前知识产权刑事审判实践中存在诸多重大疑难复杂问题。”
据悉,最高人民法院刑二庭正在起草《关于审理侵犯知识产权刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》。这份意见的内容具有很强的针对性,对于各级法院今后审理有关知识产权犯罪案件,确保办案质量极具指导意义。
苗有水称,意见将直接解决知识产权刑事案件法律适用中的重大疑难复杂问题。本报记者王斗斗
本报北京11月2日讯
上半年地方法院判处500件知产刑案
今年上半年,全国地方法院共以侵犯知识产权罪判处案件500件,生效判决人数809人。这是记者今天从最高人民法院了解到的。
具体数据显示:以假冒注册商标罪判处的案件235件,生效判决人数418人;以销售假冒注册商标的商品罪判处的案件134件,生效判决人数177人;以非法制造、销售非法制造的注册商标标识罪判处的案件67件,生效判决人数91人;以假冒专利罪判处的案件1件,生效判决人数1人;以侵犯著作权罪判处的案件46件,生效判决人数83人;以侵犯商业秘密罪判处的案件17件,生效判决人数37人。
最高人民法院刑二庭副庭长苗有水表示,人民法院充分发挥知识产权刑事司法保护的职能作用,依法运用各种刑事制裁措施,加大对涉及知识产权侵权犯罪行为的打击力度,严厉打击各类知识产权犯罪行为。
http://www.chinanews.com.cn/fz/2010/11-03/2629967.shtml