Philosophy of Law
Philosophers of law are concerned with providing a general philosophical analysis of law and legal institutions. Issues in legal philosophy range from abstract conceptual questions about the nature of law and legal systems to normative questions about the relation between law and morality and the justification for various legal institutions. Topics in legal philosophy tend to be more abstract than related topics in political philosophy and applied ethics. For example, whereas the question of how properly to interpret the U.S. Constitution belongs to democratic theory and hence falls under the heading of political philosophy, the analysis of legal interpretation falls under the heading of legal philosophy. Likewise, whereas the question of whether capital punishment is morally permissible falls under the heading of applied ethics, the question of whether the institution of punishment can be justified falls under the heading of legal philosophy. Topics in legal philosophy fall roughly into three categories: analytic jurisprudence, normative jurisprudence, and critical theories of law.
Table of Contents (Clicking on the links below will take you to those parts of this article)
1. Analytic Jurisprudence
a. Natural Law Theory
b. Legal Positivism
i. The Conventionality Thesis
ii. The Social Fact Thesis
iii. The Separability Thesis
c. Ronald Dworkin’s Third Theory
2. Normative Jurisprudence
a. Freedom and the Limits of Legitimate Law
i. Legal Moralism
ii. Legal Paternalism
iii. The Offense Principle
b. The Obligation to Obey Law
c. The Justification of Punishment
3. Critical Theories of Law
a. Legal Realism
b. Critical Legal Studies
c. Law and Economics
d. Outsider Jurisprudence
4. Suggestions for Further Reading



因为之前没有看过书,对天主教的了解也不多,所以看电影《达芬奇密码》的时候,基本上是跟看“哈利波特”一样的心态——不像中国的基督教徒和西方的所有普通人,我根本不知道圣约憨和抹大拉的马利亚这些人到底是怎么回事。所以,我眼睛中的《达芬奇密码》,就是一部带有女权色彩的电影and小说——仅仅是小说而已——用来娱乐人的,不用那么着急上火。
我前几天就知道了